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1 Research & design about intelligent transfusion guardianship based on WSN
In view of the flaw of artificial guardianship that exists in the medical transfusion guardianship process at present, this paper develops a kind of intelligent transfusion guardianship meter based on the wireless sensor network. It is compose of the following components, including the infrared detection module, ZigBee wireless transmission unit taking CC2530 as the core controller and step motor control module. Adopt the operating system of TinyOS and nesC, which faces wireless sensor network, to carry on the software design. This kind of intelligent transfusion guardianship meter, based on the wireless sensor network, is easy to operate, and may reduce the occurrence of transfusion accidents effectively.
wireless capacitive sensor detection system communication for liquid
U-healthcare industry has appeared and developed rapidly due to the development of the telecommunication and Health care technology, the increase of the needs of the Health care providers, and increment of the demands of the Health care users. The core factor of the U-Healthcare fields is the monitoring technique for the patients. In this paper, designed the system which was composed of power line communication (PLC) device and a telemetry intravenous (IV) drip monitoring device were proposed. An additional LAN network formation is not needed for data communication by using PLC and we were able to reduce the costs by using already formed power grid. In addition, the wireless capacitive sensor was used to detect the remaining amount of IV set, and microcontroller was used to transmit the results by using RF communications. According to the experiment results, using the power line for long distance communication is able to achieve the U-healthcare effect.
Sensors-Based Wearable Systems for Monitoring of Human Movement and Falls
The rapid aging of the world's population, along with an increase in the prevalence of chronic illnesses and obesity, requires adaption and modification of current healthcare models. One such approach involves telehealth applications, many of which are based on sensor technologies for unobtrusive monitoring. Recent technological advances, in particular, involving microelectromechnical systems, have resulted in miniaturized wearable devices that can be used for a range of applications. One of the leading areas for utilization of body-fixed sensors is the monitoring of human movement. An overview of common ambulatory sensors is presented, followed by a summary of the developments in this field, with an emphasis on the clinical applications of falls detection, falls risk assessment, and energy expenditure. The importance of these applications is considerable in light of the global demographic trends and the resultant rise in the occurrence of injurious falls and the decrease of physical activity. The potential of using such monitors in an unsupervised manner for community-dwelling individuals is immense, but entails an array of challenges with regards to design c onsiderations, implementation protocols, and signal analysis processes. Some limitations of the research to date and suggestions for future research are also discussed
Magnetic field strength Monitor for heart patients
A magnetic tracking system for monitoring the performance and activity of mechanical heart valve prostheses has been developed. Physicians may find the system valuable in detecting thrombosis (blood clots), scar tissue, or other complications that may indicate life-threatening medical conditions, such as heart attacks, strokes, or aneurysms. In this paper, a disk-shaped NdFeB magnet comparable in size to the floating disk of a single-leaflet tilting disk valve was employed as a magnetic marker. The orientation of the marker was tracked using standard least-squares localization algorithms with data from two sets of three mutually orthogonal magnetic field sensors fixed in an imaging plane. The best fitting magnetic dipole moment of the magnetic marker was determined by 360 sensor measurements. The orientation of the magnet was analyzed by rotating the magnet about a single axis through a range of 90deg at three imaging planes (3-6 in. from the sensors). The results show that the estimation error between the physical measurements and field-based predictions of marker orientation is within 2deg over all the measured angles for distances up to 6 in. from the imaging plane. This finding suggests that with optimization, the motion of magnetized prosthetic heart valves can be determined with high accuracy by an array of magnetic field sensors placed on the surface of the skin.
Design of Blood Pressure Measurement with a Health Management System for the Aged
In this paper we propose a design using a guiding system, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), IEEE 802.15.1 short-range wireless transmission technology and the Internet to fabricate a blood pressure measurement (BPM) which works in cooperation with a health management system. Our design has many advantages, including being easy to use by the aged, low cost and wireless connectivity. It allows the early detection of high blood pressure and provides a doctor with a means for observing a patient's health over a long period. The guiding system provides video guide features for the measuring steps, reminds the patient of the measurement results and makes suggestions. We propose here a new design to determine the BPM posture in order to increase the BPM reliability.
Design of a Wireless Medical Monitoring Systemus drip measurement
This paper provides the design of a Medical Monitoring Terminal use C8051F021 MCU and CC2420 RF chip based on Zigbee technology. The Monitoring Terminal can detect the patient's real-time body temperature, heart rate and other physiological informations, and transmit them to the control center.
Study on a Multi-Ions Sensing System for Monitoring of Blood Electrolytes
This study developed a multi-ions sensing system that includes pH, potassium, sodium, and chloride ion sensors with a wireless home-care system. The pH sensor was based on a tin oxide (SnO )/indium tin oxide (ITO) glass, and the potassium, sodium, and chloride ion sensors were based on the pH sensor with sensing membrane. The tin oxide (SnO) sensing membrane was deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate using a sputtering system. The sensing membranes of the ion sensors were prepared by mixing poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC), bis (2-ethylhexyl) sebacate (DOS), ionophores, and additives. According to the experimental results, sensitivities of the sensors all were over the value 51 mV/decade. The linear range of pH sensor was between pH2 and pH12, the linear ranges of potassium, sodium, and chloride sensors all were over from 1 mM to 1 M. Therefore, the multi-ions sensing system is suitable for monitoring of blood electrolytes. The correlations of the multi-ion sensors under different test solutions also were discussed. Moreover, this study also investigated sensors module, portable module, Bluetooth module, personal computer (PC) terminal, and portable unit of the wireless home-care system. A graphical measurement interface for data recorded and measurement results displayed was designed by National Instrument Lab-VIEW software. According to the experimental results, the measurement data by the wireless home-care system are near the real values. The wireless home-care system could successfully monitor and transmitted the sensing signals
Intelligent analyzer for home care blood pressure measurement
At present situation the mortality rate has been increased due to the rise in blood pressure. BP is the parameter which doesn't abide by a single range, but it depends upon the factors like age, family history, smoking, alcohol intake, pregnancy. Factors like smoking and intake of alcohol do have controllable aspects, which helps in providing a focus for patients looking to minimize their chances of developing hypertension. The importance behind this work is the development of an intelligent, accurate diagnosis of hyper and hypo blood pressure. Intelligent system used here is the fuzzy system which takes age, gender, body mass index, smoking habit, alcohol intake, pregnancy condition, family history as linguistic variables and diagnoses whether the person is having hyper and hypo tension. Apart from diagnosing, this system acts as a risk analyzer, i.e. it gives the risk factor of the subject proned to get BP in future. So by adapting a change in the life style the risk values of getting the blood pressure can be reduced. The unique feature of this system is that an individual can have self assessment of his bp condition without doctor in the nearby geological area. The analyzation of blood pressure value is done by fuzzy system designer available in LabVIEW.
A hospital resource and patient management system
This paper highlights the shortcomings of existing hospital information systems and proposes a location, identification and communication system that is able to overcome some of the inadequacies of existing systems and significantly improve the efficiency and throughput of the various units of the hospital setup. The system is based on RFID and wireless sensor network-based location and information management framework and the necessary technology platform that would allow hospital assets, personnel and patients to be tracked in real-time for the purpose of optimizing operations in all aspects of the daily activities of hospitals. The system is also intended to provide a continuous visual simulation and analysis platform to streamline operations, increase process efficiency and service levels
A Reliable Transmission Protocol for ZigBee-Based Wireless Patient Monitoring
Patient monitoring systems are gaining their importance as the fast-growing global elderly population increases demands for caretaking. These systems use wireless technologies to transmit vital signs for medical evaluation. In a multihop ZigBee network, the existing systems usually use broadcast or multicast schemes to increase the reliability of signals transmission; however, both the schemes lead to significantly higher network traffic and end-to-end transmission delay. In this paper, we present a reliable transmission protocol based on anycast routing for wireless patient monitoring. Our scheme automatically selects the closest data receiver in an anycast group as a destination to reduce the transmission latency as well as the control overhead. The new protocol also shortens the latency of path recovery by initiating route recovery from the intermediate routers of the original path. On the basis of a reliable transmission scheme, we implement a ZigBee device for fall monitoring, which integrates fall detection, indoor positioning, and ECG monitoring. When the triaxial accelerometer of the device detects a fall, the current position of the patient is transmitted to an emergency center through a ZigBee network. In order to clarify the situation of the fallen patient, 4-s ECG signals are also transmitted. Our transmission scheme ensures the successful transmission of these critical messages. The experimental results show that our scheme is fast and reliable. We also demonstrate that our devices can seamlessly integrate with the next generation technology of wireless wide area network, worldwide interoperability for microwave access, to achieve real-time patient monitoring.
A Zigbee-Based Wearable Physiological Parameters Monitoring System
The design and development of a Zigbee smart noninvasive wearable physiological parameters monitoring device has been developed and reported in this paper. The system can be used to monitor physiological parameters, such as temperature and heart rate, of a human subject. The system consists of an electronic device which is worn on the wrist and finger, by an at-risk person. Using several sensors to measure different vital signs, the person is wirelessly monitored within his own home. An impact sensor has been used to detect falls. The device detects if a person is medically distressed and sends an alarm to a receiver unit that is connected to a computer. This sets off an alarm, allowing help to be provided to the user. The device is battery powered for use outdoors. The device can be easily adapted to monitor athletes and infants. The low cost of the device will help to lower the cost of home monitoring of patients recovering from illness. A prototype of the device has been fabricated and extensively tested with very good results.
Development of a Wireless Cardiogram System for acute and long-term healthcare monitoring
A wireless system to monitor patient's heart activities has been designed, implemented and tested. The system is designed for acute and long term monitoring of patients at homes, clinics, nursing homes, or rural health-care clinics. This system consists of a Phonocardiogram (PCG) unit, an Electrocardiogram (ECG) unit, and a receiving remote unit. The PCG and the ECG units are the sensing units that acquire and filter the corresponding heart signals and transmit them using the nRF24LE1 system on chip to the remote unit. The nRF24LE1 chip is an ultra low power wireless chip that has a microcontroller, an Analog to Digital Converter (ADC), and an antenna to transmit the data. The remote unit also contains an nRF24LE1 chip for receiving the signals and interfacing with a computer to store and view the received signals. After building the system, the microcontroller was programmed to perform the functions of digitizing, transmission, and receiving of the signals. The PCG and ECG analog signals, captured by oscilloscopes, were found to be real, accurate, and clean. The signals received by the remote unit placed at 100 feet away were compared with the analog signals. The results show that the two signals are almost identical. This means that this wireless system can provide accurate and continuous monitoring of patients within a 100-foot distance. This ensures that the system can be utilized within the space of a building whether it is a hospital, a clinic, a nursing home, or a private home
Dew-Based Wireless Mini Module for Respiratory Rate Monitoring
Miniaturized humidity sensors combined with ZigBee transceiver and efficient data processing offer a powerful system for the monitoring of human breath. Every 10 ms, the expiration/inspiration phase is transmitted, allowing a medical diagnosis as efficient as required by the application. For the sensing system, a micro interdigitated capacitor, covered with a dense hydrophilic alumina layer, is connected to a capacitance-to-frequency circuit interface. A customized nasal canula-prototype embeds the microsystem underneath the patient's nostrils while offering cabling until the belt-fixed radio transceiver. The fast data processing, executed in a mini notebook process unit, gives to the medical staff a live broadcast of the patient's respiratory rate. In order to improve the size and the functionality of our sensing module, novel techniques for processing complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) in Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) technology now allow for the construction of microsensors and CMOS circuits together on the same chip. These sensors consume extremely low power, of the order of 0.1 μW, present high sensitivity, occupy small chip area (1.25 mm2) and offer the prerequisite platform for a large variety of new sensors
Sensors-Based Wearable Systems for Monitoring of Human Movement and Falls
The rapid aging of the world's population, along with an increase in the prevalence of chronic illnesses and obesity, requires adaption and modification of current healthcare models. One such approach involves telehealth applications, many of which are based on sensor technologies for unobtrusive monitoring. Recent technological advances, in particular, involving microelectromechnical systems, have resulted in miniaturized wearable devices that can be used for a range of applications. One of the leading areas for utilization of body-fixed sensors is the monitoring of human movement. An overview of common ambulatory sensors is presented, followed by a summary of the developments in this field, with an emphasis on the clinical applications of falls detection, falls risk assessment, and energy expenditure. The importance of these applications is considerable in light of the global demographic trends and the resultant rise in the occurrence of injurious falls and the decrease of physical activity. The potential of using such monitors in an unsupervised manner for community-dwelling individuals is immense, but entails an array of challenges with regards to design c onsiderations, implementation protocols, and signal analysis processes. Some limitations of the research to date and suggestions for future research are also discussed
A Single Supply Microcontroller based Medical K-grade Isolation ECG Module with Graphics LCD
Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring is one of the most important patient vital sign. Many design for ECG amplifier has been established. In this paper we describe a unique design of a single supply isolated single Channel ECG amplifier, based on a standard 8051 micro controller. This micro controller system includes analog circuit, digital, ADC circuit and graphical LCD. In general, the analogue circuit module carries out differential amplification, band-pass filtering, power line interference elimination, and output amplification the digital circuit part consists of an 8051 standard micro controller, an 8-channel ADC (ADC0808) converter, and graphical LCD panel. Such system features with low power, low cost and small size which can be used for home use
A Passive Radio-Frequency pH-Sensing Tag for Wireless Food-Quality Monitoring
We present a new method, suitable for food quality management by wirelessly monitoring pH level changes in food with a flexible pH sensor embedded in a batteryless radio-frequency (RF) transponder. The wireless sensor tag includes a flexible pH sensor based on miniature iridium oxide (IrOx) and silver chloride (AgCl) sensing electrodes integrated on a deformable substrate, and batteryless wireless communication circuitry. The sensor tag and reader system is designed to achieve convenient, long-term, and on-demand wireless in situ monitoring of food quality, especially for large-quantity applications and continuous monitoring from place of production to retail stores. Low-cost IrOx sol-gel fabrication process was applied on polymeric substrates to form the flexible sensing films, and a sensitivity of -49.7 mV/pH was achieved. Inducting coupling provides electromagnetic energy from the reader to drive the transponder circuits that retransmit the sensor-data modulated signals back to the reader. The electrochemical potential created by the IrOx/AgCl sensing electrodes is converted to a modulated frequency and the system achieves a sensitivity of 633 Hz/pH. The wireless pH sensing system was tested for in situ monitoring of the spoilage processes in fish meats continuously for over 18 h. The feasibility of wirelessly monitoring pH values in fish meats that could be used to identify spoilage remotely has been demonstrated
An Embedded Interface for GSM Based Car Security System
GSM based security system are much more stout then an ordinary security system. The ordinary systems are simply based on the concept of sensors. They sound an alarm on detecting movement. This system of technology has now lost its appeal as it has become a common sighting in metros where these alarms go off unnecessarily. We proposed with GSM techniques and a better decision making process is built to make our vehicle more secure. It is a unique wireless home/car security device that gives instant alerts on your mobile phone the moment a security breach is detected. It is designed to alert you wirelessly through a call burglar alarm system intercepts an intrusion. proposed an 8 bit embedded controller inter model. The control mechanism is based on DTMF tones generated by mobile phone when the number keys are pressed
Multi sensor Railway Track Geometry Surveying System
Linear variable differential transformers (LVDTs) and inclinometers are widely used in many industrial establishments, particularly in the metrology area. These sensors are used by many engineering disciplines because of their high-precision characteristics. In addition, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers and total stations are widely used in geodesy. Using GNSS receivers is very popular, particularly for navigational purposes. In this paper, a new railway track geometry surveying system, which is designed by integrating the LVDT, inclinometer, GNSS receiver, and total station, is introduced. This new surveying system is an alternative to classical geodetic measurement methods that are often used for controlling the railway track geometry. Track gauge, super-elevation, gradient, and track axis coordinates, which are railway geometrical parameters, can be instantly determined while making measurements by using the new surveying system
Research and implement of cost-effective remote transformer monitor system
The status of the remote monitor system is introduced and the composing and the principle of implement of the system are presented. Based on it, the function and the characteristic and each of modules of software and database design are introduced too. The system improves the performance and stability of supply power and reduces the times of power cut, it can forecast the possible fault through analyze data.
Automation of residential electricity cut off using network based embedded controller
At the present time, along with the development of the Internet, automation becomes a very interesting theme to debate. This paper discusses the development of automation system for residential electricity cut off using network based embedded controller. Nowadays, various type of device for home residential electricity works dependently on human to control signals to reset the state of input. Based on this situation, it becomes an extrinsic motivation to develop an automated system for residential electricity device. The system consists of an embedded device to control power supply main switch and update the data into data centre. The users able to view updated power consumption as well as billing information in the provider web services. Cut-off warning message is send to users via email and short message services. The system helps the electricity provider to reduce the operation cost as the system could cut off electricity automatically when the usage limit is exceeded
Wednesday, December 5, 2012
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